Thursday, 18 June 2015

COAL RESISTANCE (CoRe) Movement: Position Paper on the three coal-fired power plant projects in Northern Mindanao

As “power crisis” in Mindanao heightens, augmentation of power generation by burning coal has generated more support from both public officials and private companies. As such, we have recently seen the proliferation of coal-fired power plants in several areas in Mindanao. 

In Northern Mindanao, Lafarge Cement Corporation is applying to build a 20 megawatt (MG) coal-fired power plant in Kiwalan, Iligan City while the Ozamis Power Generation Incorporated is also proposing to build a 300 MG coal plant in Brgy. Pulot, Ozamis City. The biggest plant among the three is the one being constructed between Brgy. Tacub and Brgy. Libertad in Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte which has a generation capacity of about 540 megawatt.

This proliferation of coal-fired power plant is vehemently opposed by Coal Resistance Movement for the following reasons:

1.)  There is no “power crisis” that is why there is no reason to build coal-fired power plants in Mindanao.

During the 5th Mindanao Power Monitoring Council (MPMC) Principals Meeting on February 24, 2015, report from the National Grid Corporation (NGCP) showed that the average forecasted power demands in Mindanao from the month of March to June of this year pegged only at 1488 megawatt (MW). In the same report, the combined generation capacity, on the same months, of Agus-Pulangi Hydro Power Complexes, existing Independent Power Producers (IPPs), embedded plants from distribution utilities, and generators owned by factories and malls has an average total of 1910.7 MW.

MPMC is a body created by President Aquino III through Executive Order No. 8 to spearhead and coordinate the improvement of power situation in Mindanao. 

Despite the long dry-spell that is widely experienced in Mindanao, based on the data presented by NGCP, there are at least 400 MW power surplus in Mindanao from the month of March to June, 2015.  Mindanao Development Authority (MinDA), one of the ten (10) principal members of MPMC, also affirmed that power supply in Mindanao is expected to have excess for this year.   

According to MinDA, as of December 2014, there are 231 pending renewable energy (solar, hydro, geothermal and biomass) power project applications in Mindanao that have a potential generation capacity of at least 2,419 mw. The permits of these applications are expected to be completed by 2016 and will be operational by 2020.

Given the above data on the demand and supply of power in Mindanao, it is clear that there is no power shortage. It is therefore necessary to anchor power generation based on the current needs and actual consumption of the consumers otherwise oversupply will further burden the consumers as the production cost of the excess power supply will be charged to consumers.  

The data above also debunks speculation on “Power Crisis” that has been implanted in the mind of the public in times of blackout.

The adequate supply of power from the existing plants and the coming additional supply from the renewable energy sources render coal-fired power plants useless and unnecessary.   

2.)  Coal-fired power plant will destroy marine resources in Iligan and Panguil Bay and will displace fisherfolks from their primary means of living.

It is important to note that the above mentioned coal-fired power plants surround Iligan Bay and Panguil Bay- two bodies of water which shelter several marine protected areas and are homes to several unique endemic marine species. These bodies of water sustain thousands of fisherfolks from the province of Misamis Oriental, Lanao del Norte, Misamis Occidental and Zamboanga del Sur whose main source of living is through fishing and other related livelihood.

Located adjacent to Kiwalan and Dalipuga is the 45-hectare marine sanctuary officially established by Iligan City through the Sangguniang Panglungsod Resolution No. 06-817.  According to the resolution, the location was chosen because “of the fact that this is far from residential areas, and the sea habitat is conducive for the reproduction of fish, per underwater assessment of the Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR).” 

There are at least eight (8) marine sanctuaries located in the Municipality of Kauswagan. Two of which are closest to Barangays Libertad and Tacub. A 6-hectare marine sanctuary strategically located beside the Municipal Wharf and the other 2 hectares established in Barangays Bagumbayan and Libertad. According to the record of the Municipality based on the assessment of Kauswagan Coastal Environment conducted by DENR-ERDS Divers in 1195, “a total of nineteen (19) genera of hard and soft corals were identified in coral reefs, seven (7) species of Seagrasses, and about twenty one (21) hectares of mangrove present in the coastal beaches and waters of Kauswagan.”

At present, the on-going construction of the 540 megawatt coal-fired power plant in Kauswagan, Lanao del Norte has already displaced more than 400 fishefolk and farmer families from their houses and livelihood.

3.)  Environmental degradation

Dubbed as the dirtiest source of energy, coal industry is identified by the Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) to produce the most- carbon intensive products. From its extraction from the earth’s surface to its processing, coal is single biggest contributor to the historical increase of greenhouse gases (GHG) emission in the atmosphere since the beginning of the industrial revolution.

Coal-fired power stations and all other activities that include coal burning are as well recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO) as the leading human activity to release mercury. Mercury is a toxic substance. Once discharged in the bodies of water, it can be ingested by marine organisms such as fish and shells which supply as one of the major components of human diet. Mercury may cause serious health problems once eaten by humans. 


4.) Community Displacements and Assaults to Indigenous Peoples

The above-mentioned construction and application for coal-fired power plants situated in the natural bastions for marine resources in Mindanao-the Iligan Bay and Panguil Bay. If these plants will fully operate, marine resources will be denuded and thousands of fisherolk families will lost their livelihood from 4 surrounding provinces and 4 cities.

Aside from coal-fired power plants, coal mining is a thriving business in Mindanao. According to the Energy Resource Development Bureau of the Department of Energy (DOE), Mindanao is the country’s coal basin. In 2014, DOE opened the bidding to 15 areas in Mindanao for coal exploration.

Most of the coal-reserves are found in the mountains in Mindanao. The remaining mountains in Mindanao, however, are part the ancestral domains of the Indigenous Peoples (IPs).  Opening these mountains for coal mining means three (3) things: 1. destroying the sacred lands and ancestral domains of the IPs; 2. displacing the IPs from their subsistence production; and, 3. stripping them out of their identity which is very attached to their land.   

Our Answers
  • We remain certain of communities and mass organizations’ valuable role in addressing energy issues;
  • We demand for total ban of coal-fired power plants and coal projects in the Philippines and the cancellation of permits of the existing ones;
  • Transition program for the affected workers of the existing coal plants and projects;
  • We demand overhaul of the Electric Power Reform Act of 2001 and the Renewable Energy Act of the Philippines and Nationalize the Energy Sector with an Strengthen Renewable Energy Law;
  • We demand for reparations for all coal-affected communities and for an independent and speedy investigations to human rights abuses;
  • We support the call for Energy Transformation in the Philippines.

_______________________________
The Coal Resistance (CoRe) is a movement established by various civil society organizations in Lanao del Norte, Lanao del Sur and Iligan City against coal-fired power plant and any other processes that demand for massive the extraction and or usage of coal minerals

Contact Nos.: 221-7393 / Hanna Escobido - 09358505283/Remo Fenis – 09202716138 /
Email: resistcoal@gmail.com / lmkabataan@yahoo.com.ph
Like our Facebook Page: COAL RESISTANCE - CoRe - Movement
Follow our twitter account: twitter.com/CoReMovementPH 

Follow us in our blog page: COAL Resistance Portals at http://lmkportal.blogspot.com/

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